Somatosensory evoked potentials in patients with Cleland-Chiari malformation may show a conduction block in the upper cervical region or a delayed conduction between the upper cervical region and the cerebral cortex. If hydrocephalus is not present, the treatment of choice is posterior fossa decompression. If hydrocephalus is present, the initial treatment of choice is shunting followed by posterior fossa decompression if apnea reoccurs. Myelomeningocele should be treated shortly after birth. More about...121
Joubert syndrome presents in the neonatal period with hyperpnea alternating with apnea. Abnormal eye movements may be present. These neonates also have flaccid hypotonia. The diagnosis is established by MRI. The MRI shows complete or partial absence of the cerebellar vermis and a normal or small posterior fossa. More about...119
Dandy-Walker malformation in the neonatal period usually presents with macrocephaly. The head is particularly enlarged in the occipital area. Apnea is an infrequent presentation of Dandy-Walker syndrome in the neonatal period.